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Kamis, 21 Maret 2013

Get Free Ebook Alexander Hamilton, by Ron Chernow

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Alexander Hamilton, by Ron Chernow

Alexander Hamilton, by Ron Chernow


Alexander Hamilton, by Ron Chernow


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Alexander Hamilton, by Ron Chernow

Amazon.com Review

Building on biographies by Richard Brookhiser and Willard Sterne Randall, Ron ChernowÂ’s Alexander Hamilton provides what may be the most comprehensive modern examination of the often overlooked Founding Father. From the start, Chernow argues that HamiltonÂ’s premature death at age 49 left his record to be reinterpreted and even re-written by his more long-lived enemies, among them: Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, and James Monroe. HamiltonÂ’s achievements as first Secretary of the Treasury, co-author of The Federalist Papers, and member of the Constitutional Convention were clouded after his death by strident claims that he was an arrogant, self-serving monarchist. Chernow delves into the almost 22,000 pages of letters, manuscripts, and articles that make up HamiltonÂ’s legacy to reveal a man with a sophisticated intellect, a romantic spirit, and a late-blooming religiosity. One fault of the book, is that Chernow is so convinced of HamiltonÂ’s excellence that his narrative sometimes becomes hagiographic. Nowhere is this more apparent than in ChernowÂ’s account of the infamous duel between Hamilton and Aaron Burr in 1804. He describes HamiltonÂ’s final hours as pious, while Burr, Jefferson, and Adams achieve an almost cartoonish villainy at the news of HamiltonÂ’s passing. A defender of the union against New England secession and an opponent of slavery, Hamilton has a special appeal to modern sensibilities. Chernow argues that in contrast to Jefferson and WashingtonÂ’s now outmoded agrarian idealism, Hamilton was "the prophet of the capitalist revolution" and the true forebear of modern America. In his Prologue, he writes: "In all probability, Alexander Hamilton is the foremost figure in American history who never attained the presidency, yet he probably had a much deeper and more lasting impact than many who did." With Alexander Hamilton, this impact can now be more widely appreciated. --Patrick O'Kelley

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From Publishers Weekly

After hulking works on J.P. Morgan, the Warburgs and John D. Rockefeller, what other grandee of American finance was left for Chernow's overflowing pen than the one who puts the others in the shade? Alexander Hamilton (1755–1804) created public finance in the United States. In fact, it's arguable that without Hamilton's political and financial strategic brilliance, the United States might not have survived beyond its early years. Chernow's achievement is to give us a biography commensurate with Hamilton's character, as well as the full, complex context of his unflaggingly active life. Possessing the most powerful (though not the most profound) intelligence of his gifted contemporaries, Hamilton rose from Caribbean bastardy through military service in Washington's circle to historic importance at an early age and then, in a new era of partisan politics, gradually lost his political bearings. Chernow makes fresh contributions to Hamiltoniana: no one has discovered so much about Hamilton's illegitimate origins and harrowed youth; few have been so taken by Hamilton's long-suffering, loving wife, Eliza. Yet it's hard not to cringe at some of Hamilton's hotheaded words and behavior, especially sacrificing the well-being of his family on the altar of misplaced honor. This is a fine work that captures Hamilton's life with judiciousness and verve. Illus. Copyright © Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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Product details

Hardcover: 818 pages

Publisher: The Penguin Press (April 26, 2004)

Language: English

ISBN-10: 9781594200090

ISBN-13: 978-1594200090

ASIN: 1594200092

Product Dimensions:

6.4 x 2 x 9.6 inches

Shipping Weight: 2.6 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)

Average Customer Review:

4.7 out of 5 stars

4,214 customer reviews

Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#3,420 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

I actually got this book from a store, but I've been buying up Founder books on Amazon left and right in my quest to earn a self-awarded M.A. in Poli Sci, and, for some odd reason, I decided I have the right to critique this one, too, especially because I'm a little irate about this particular work. This was an impressive and troubling read. It's exceptionally well written and covers Hamilton's life with such color and detail that I was enthralled through the first half. And then I began to feel this grating sensation, and finally I came to realize it was because the writer bears such rabid personal animosity toward Jefferson that after a hundred pages or so of unrelenting, really vitriolic attacks on the man (maybe biographers just get that way...no, not all of them), I began to lose faith in his overall objectivity as a biographer.To wit: where Hamilton was "brilliant," "a true American genuis," "inspired," almost super-human in his ability to crank out brilliant, fully formed essays, the other indispensable founder, a man of towering logic and foresight, a man for whom "I told you so" became a mantra, etc., etc., virtually every word and/or action by Jefferson was deemed "effrontery," "outrageous," "had the temerity to," and on and on, truly ad nauseum. Everyone knows Jefferson had personal flaws, hypocrisy, sly political ways (as did Hamilton), and particular trouble around slavery, for which he did express much guilt. But Chernow has apparently decided T Jefferson was absolutely the most vile, dishonest, unethical mucus-coated slug-creature ever to ooze out of the political soil.Where Hamilton created a genius system of big banks, etc. (the results of which we're perhaps starting to reassess these days), when Jefferson oversaw a surplus in his first term as president, Mr. Chernow called it "an accident." I mean, come on, the guy had a few fans, and Hamilton certainly had more than his share of enemies. Another fact to consider: Jefferson has the big old monument by which we remember him (not to mention the Declaration and the Louisiana Purchase, which I suppose were accidents, too), while Hamilton has...the Grange and, to some degree, too-big-to-fail. Are the American people so easy to delude? The bias was so thick that I finally, sadly, felt the need to skip about 100 pages, jumping over Hamilton's post-administration period to just before the duel, because I found it so difficult to tolerate the outrageous effrontery and temerity of the writer, attacking this fellow founder with such venom and petulance, apparently because Hamilton and Jefferson didn't get along and the writer reveres Hamilton to the point of beatifying the man. This is the book's fatal flaw, in my opinion. Childishness that sullied scholarship. An impressive work otherwise, though the Jefferson bias really has me wondering how accurate the rest of it is. And all of this pisses me off, by the way, because I really wanted to get a thorough understanding of Hamilton and now have a hole in my reading, and I have way too many other presidents and political leaders to pursue and so I won't be going back to Alexander again, may the gods bless his troubled soul. Dammit.Okay...feeling better now.

This book is a beautifully rendered portrait of Hamilton, both his public life and his private life. As so many other reviewers have noted, the book is an example of first-rate biographical research and most of the book is well-written.Up to chapter 16, “Dr. Pangloss,” the story is superbly told. But, when Thomas Jefferson enters Hamilton’s life, much of the book becomes a contrast between Hamilton, who had his own well-documented personal failings, with Jefferson who, if the text is to be believed, had nothing but personal failings. Jefferson is variously described as hypocritical, duplicitous and conniving. Undoubtedly, Jefferson fit much of this description but so did Hamilton in their Federalist-Republican (anti-Federalist) feud in the 1790’s. What bothered me was the unrelenting negative portrayal of Jefferson, Madison (after 1790) and John Adams. Hamilton is portrayed accurately and fully as a brilliant and decent man with some major flaws. Jefferson and, to a somewhat lesser extent, Madison and Adams, are portrayed as deeply flawed individuals who happened to have a few good points. The language reinforces this. If one were to count the negatively loaded adjectives and verbs accorded to Hamilton’s three main opponents, they would vastly outnumber any positive linguistic connotations. In order to sharpen Hamilton’s character portrayal, the image that Chernow gives of Hamilton’s opponents is, given other biographies of these men, less than just.The name-calling, smear campaigns and character assassinations in the 1790’s are appalling (but less so given the 2016 Presidential campaign). However, a dozen years after independence and only a few years after the Constitution was ratified, the fears of the anti-Federalists were real ones. Jefferson’s and Madison’s hypocrisy and the foibles of John Adam’s personality notwithstanding, the concerns expressed were often genuine ones at that time about what kind of country the United States would be and how the Constitution should be interpreted. The possibility that the Jeffersonians may have had a point gets lost in Chernow’s constant barrage of claims about duplicity, hypocrisy and malevolent intentions.So I thought this was a brilliant portrayal of the man who founded our economic and, to a large extent, our political system. The portrayal of Aaron Burr is excellent and the factors leading up to the duel are gripping. But the mid-section of the book would have been even stronger if Chernow had presented Hamilton’s foes in a fuller, less negatively charged light.

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Senin, 11 Maret 2013

Free Ebook God and Golem, Inc.: A Comment on Certain Points where Cybernetics Impinges on Religion

Free Ebook God and Golem, Inc.: A Comment on Certain Points where Cybernetics Impinges on Religion

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God and Golem, Inc.: A Comment on Certain Points where Cybernetics Impinges on Religion

God and Golem, Inc.: A Comment on Certain Points where Cybernetics Impinges on Religion


God and Golem, Inc.: A Comment on Certain Points where Cybernetics Impinges on Religion


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God and Golem, Inc.: A Comment on Certain Points where Cybernetics Impinges on Religion

About the Author

Norbert Wiener (1894–1964) served on the faculty in the Department of Mathematics at MIT from 1919 until his death. In 1963, he was awarded the National Medal of Science for his contributions to mathematics, engineering, and biological sciences. He was the author of many books, including Norbert Wiener―A Life in Cybernetics and the National Book Award-winning God & Golem, Inc.: A Comment on Certain Points Where Cybernetics Impinges on Religion (both published by the MIT Press).

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Product details

Series: The MIT Press

Paperback: 99 pages

Publisher: The MIT Press; 7th ed. edition (March 15, 1966)

Language: English

ISBN-10: 0262730111

ISBN-13: 978-0262730112

Product Dimensions:

5.5 x 0.2 x 8 inches

Shipping Weight: 5.6 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)

Average Customer Review:

4.4 out of 5 stars

7 customer reviews

Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#641,944 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

Anyone familiar with the subject matter and how it relates to the greater issues individuals in society are facing philosophically, practically, and morally today will gain deeper understanding from the ideas in this book. There's knowledge in science but great wisdom in holy scripture for those with eyes to see...

A wonderful little gem from the early 1960s.

Excellent.

This is a useful historical text to consider in debates about how far to entrust decisions to search engines, expert computer systems, unmanned aerial vehicles, and other automated agents. Wiener, succinctly and with persuasive examples, makes an argument similar to Joseph Weizenbaum's Computer Power and Human Reason about the necessity of drawing on the judgment of people. Short as it is, this book meanders somewhat. One could easily become derailed near the beginning with some highly speculative technical mumbo-jumbo (it almost seems that Wiener threw it in for that purpose), and he also digresses for commentary on the U.S.-Soviet ideological battles of the day. Furthermore, religious references are restricted to the very beginning.

Weiner was something of a revolutionary in his time. He (among others) pushed the revolution in computing out of the slipstick era. He, at the height of the Cold War, wrote for audiences in both the USSR and the USA. Small wonder that he took on religion. I mean that he took it on as a duty and companion, not as an opponent, though many might have seen opposition.Much of this book lacks direction. He skims issues that are still contentious, including the right to die. His arguments about self-reproducing machines tend twaords the vague, although he admits that he avoided tedious precision. Many of his points are clear and sharp, however. Drawing on the genie in the bottle, the Sorcerer's Apprentice, and other popular literature, he argues that the capabilities of technology steadily run ahead of our ability to predict and mitigate its consequences. He also notes, during first light of the transistor age, that "Living matter has a fine structure ... [approached by] machines which operate according to the principles of solid-state physics." As usual, technological optimism carried him well beyond justifiable extrapolation. Also as usual, he had a fair inkling of how today's 0.1 micron transistors might compare to 1.0 micron brain cells.His sharpest commentary starts in the faith that scientists and engineers are moral people, and work in the belief of the human good that comes from their life's work. (Please, don't descend to the belief that we think we are evil people reveling in evil outcomes.) Weiner notes that the deepest hell in Dante's Inferno is reserved for the sin of simony - directing the Church's good power to personal gain, using the force of money. He draws a direct analogy to the sin of corrupting vast technological power towards personal gain, also using money as controlling force. If you're already queasy about the amorality of the MBA's "bottom line" ethos, this may give you some very bad dreams.It's an important book. It's flawed, but has the honesty to ask hard questions. It also has the courage to attach a moral sense to the analytic trait of mind - it ought not be surprising that the two fit closely.Among all the quotable lines in this book, one stands out: "... remember that in the game of atomic warfare, there are no experts." Here, now, under the president that demolished 30 years of arms control treaties, it's a phrase to remember.//wiredweird

In reviewing this book I feel a little like Icarus. I feel afraid to fly to close to the sun of Norbert Wiener's genius, herein exposed full force. For example, have you ever been asked the chicken and egg question? Norbert Wiener answers thusly, "a hen is merely an egg's way of making another egg.." Contrast this with "The Selfish Gene" which took Richard Dawkins a whole book to say. (See my review of this book elsewhere at Amazon.com.)The subtitle sets forth, in brilliant compaction, the theme of this essentially extended essay: "A Comment on Certain Points Where Cybernetics Impinges on Relgion."First, Wiener considers machines which learn.Next, Wiener considers machines which reproduce themselves.Wiener's work anticipates the entire modern field of bioethics. As Wiener says in his final chapter, "I have now run through a number of essays that are united by covering the entire theme of creative activity, from God to the machine, under one set of concepts. The machine, as I have already said is the modern counterpart of the Golem of the Rabbi of Prague." If you are concerned about cloning, or man playing God, I urge you to buy and study this book.

"God and Golem, Inc." by Norbert Wiener is a curious set of publications united under one title. It looks like all today's inventions and science paradigms were discovered long time ago. Would be interesting for A.I. and IT researchers.

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